The cut of a diamond determines its brilliance. There is no single measurement of a diamond that defines its cut, but rather a collection of measurements and observations that determine the relationship between a diamond’s light performance, dimensions and finish. Most gemologists consider cut the most important diamond characteristic because even if a diamond has perfect color and clarity, a diamond with a poor cut will have dulled brilliance.
The width and depth can have an effect on how light travels within the diamond, and how it exits in the form of brilliance.

Too Shallow

Light is lost out the bottom causing the diamond to lose brilliance.

Too Deep

Light escapes out the sides causing the diamond to appear dark and dull.

Determining a diamond’s cut grade, however, goes beyond simple measurements of width and depth. Using an optical measuring device, a three-dimensional model is created to determine the diamond’s proportions and angles. The interrelations between these various dimensions will greatly affect how light reacts once it enters and how it behaves once it exits; by using sophisticated computer modeling, it is possible to trace light behavior and measure its levels of brightness, fire and scintillation - the face-up appearance.

Diameter

The width of the diamond as measured through the girdle.

Table

The largest facet of a gemstone.

Crown

The top portion of a diamond extending from the girdle to the table.

Girdle

The intersection of the crown and pavilion which defines the perimeter of the diamond.

Pavilion

The bottom portion of a diamond, extending from the girdle to the culet.

Culet

The facet at the tip of a gemstone. The preferred culet is not visible with the unaided eye (graded “none” or “small”).

Depth

The height of a gemstone measured from the culet to the table.